This is a commit snapshot of the specification

This document contains the contents of the specification as of commit 94011c73c833eb6a08b5983b0a5d97ba888d170c, and should only be used as a historical reference. This commit may not have even been merged into the specification.

Do not attempt to implement this version of the specification. Do not reference this version as authoritative in any way. Instead, see https://tc39.es/ecma262 for the living specification.

Bibliography

  1. IEEE 754-2019: IEEE Standard for Floating-Point Arithmetic. Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, New York (2019) Note

    There are no normative changes between IEEE 754-2008 and IEEE 754-2019 that affect the ECMA-262 specification.
  2. The Unicode Standard, available at <https://unicode.org/versions/latest>
  3. Unicode Technical Note #5: Canonical Equivalence in Applications, available at <https://unicode.org/notes/tn5/>
  4. Unicode Technical Standard #10: Unicode Collation Algorithm, available at <https://unicode.org/reports/tr10/>
  5. Unicode Standard Annex #15, Unicode Normalization Forms, available at <https://unicode.org/reports/tr15/>
  6. Unicode Standard Annex #18: Unicode Regular Expressions, available at <https://unicode.org/reports/tr18/>
  7. Unicode Standard Annex #24: Unicode Script Property, available at <https://unicode.org/reports/tr24/>
  8. Unicode Standard Annex #31, Unicode Identifiers and Pattern Syntax, available at <https://unicode.org/reports/tr31/>
  9. Unicode Technical Standard #35, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (LDML), available at <https://unicode.org/reports/tr35>
  10. Unicode Standard Annex #44: Unicode Character Database, available at <https://unicode.org/reports/tr44/>
  11. Unicode Technical Standard #51: Unicode Emoji, available at <https://unicode.org/reports/tr51/>
  12. Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR) Project, available at <https://cldr.unicode.org/>
  13. IANA Time Zone Database, available at <https://www.iana.org/time-zones>
  14. ISO 8601-1:2019(E) Date and time — Representations for information interchange — Part 1: Basic rules
  15. RFC 1738 “Uniform Resource Locators (URL)”, available at <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1738>
  16. RFC 2396 “Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax”, available at <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2396>
  17. RFC 3339, “Date and Time on the Internet: Timestamps”, available at <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3339>
  18. RFC 3629 “UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646”, available at <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3629>
  19. RFC 7231 “Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Semantics and Content”, available at <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231>
  20. RFC 9557, “Date and Time on the Internet: Timestamps with Additional Information”, available at <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc9557>